A simulative building fire spread tracking system based on FPGA and 1-wire bus sensor network

In this paper, a simulative 1-wire bus sensor network dedicated to the experimental studies of building fire spread is proposed. The whole sensor network is capable of receiving commands from and exchanging data with FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) microprocessor, which is connected to host PC. Honeycomb-type layout, which enhances the measurement and tracking precision greatly, is adopted. And in order to cooperate with honeycomb layout to find the fire source at once, the alarm of each sensor which reaches the upper-bound of temperature is triggered. The temperature is real-time checked during fire spread process. By sorting the temperature values of neighbouring sensors and picking out those with the highest values step by step, fire spread route can be drawn out. One experimental fire spread simulation was performed. Through the experimentation, we show that, this prototype system network can perform accurate measurements. Finally, the provided results illustrate the accuracy and reliability of both detecting the fire source and tracing the fire spread direction.