Low power synthesis of finite state machines with mixed D and T flip-flops

This paper presents a state assignment technique to reduce dynamic power consumption in finite state machines (FSM). The key idea is to decompose the state machine into a set of cycles that are collectively equivalent to the original FSM, and perform state assignment based on the cycle realization of the state machine using Gray codes. A new implementation of state machines by using a combination of D and T flip-flops is thereby proposed, which in conjunction with the proposed encoding algorithm, reduces power consumption by an average of 15%.