Underlying forces, characteristics analysis and essence judgment of forest ownership reform of Heilongjiang local state-owned forests

The local state-owned forests of Heilongjiang Province are in the charge of Heilongjiang Forestry Department, and the management area takes 49.3% of the whole province. In order to solve the three prominent problems about forest regions, forestry and forest workers existed in the local state-owned forestry, Heilongjiang Forestry Department started to perform forestry ownership reform of state-owned forests in some counties (cities) and stated-owned farms and pastures in 2007. The paper starts from the analysis of the underlying forces of the reform. The research shows that the imbalance of system supply and demand, imperfectness of property ownership contracts, the active participation of forestry staff and the push of local government are the characteristics of the reform; the empowerment and regulation, redistribution of the benefits among relative bodies and compatibility of the new state-owned forest ownership system and other systems are the essence of the reform.