Impact of the ionospheric and atmospheric irregularities on the navigational satellites signals propagation

The model of small scale fluctuations of the troposphere and lower stratosphere, incorporating previously published observational data, is proposed. Numerical simulations of the signal propagation of the global navigational satellite system (GPS) through the fluctuations of lower atmosphere are performed. Corresponding errors in the refractivity height profile, reconstructed by the radio occultation technique, are estimated. Oblique reflections of the waves from the ionospheric sporadic layers are simulated. Impact of the small scale fluctuations of the ionospheric plasma is discussed.