Propagation modelling in troposphere using paraxial form of Helmholtz equation

A new beam propagation method is developed based on direct approximations of Helmholtz equation. In this work, the Helmholtz equation applied on radiowave tropospheric propagation, properly manipulated, and resulting in a one dimensional form, is solved using finite element method. By using this method, horizontal and vertical tropospheric characteristics are assigned to every element, and different refractivity profiles can be entered at different stages. We also implement some abnormal environmental conditions to assess our method, and investigate ducting phenomena in troposphere.