Integrated full-waveform analysis of ground penetrating radar and electromagnetic induction data for non-invasive reconstruction of multilayered media

We present a new integrated method for full-waveform modeling of zero-offset, off-ground ground penetrating radar (GPR) and electromagnetic induction (EMI) in multilayered media. For both GPR and EMI systems, a vector network analyser (VNA) is used as transmitter and receiver. The antennas and their interactions with the investigated medium are modeled in the frequency domain by means of a linear system of complex transfer functions. The air-subsurface is represented by a 3-D multilayered medium, for which Maxwell´s equations are exactly solved. These approaches have been validated in laboratory conditions, demonstrating the high accuracy of the GPR and EMI models. The results show great promise for non-invasive reconstruction of multilayered media using GPR and EMI.