Analysis of patch antenna with short pin by using non-uniform mesh FDTD

The need for smaller antennas has become increasingly important because the effect of large scale integration of electronic components generally isolates the antenna as the most bulky, heavy and obtrusive part of the equipment. But it is an accepted fact that electrically smaller antennas have narrower bandwidths and poorer efficiencies than their larger counterparts. This would incur significant power losses and reduce the general efficiency of the receiver as well as increasing equipment costs. Today more efficient matching techniques are available. For example, for a center fed patch antenna, post pins are usually used around the feed pin for matching. In early works, numerical simulation by using the wire-mesh method and diakoptic theory has been used. Because it is very difficult to deal with the patch structure and wire element simultaneously, numerical analysis of the matching technique by using the same analysis method have not yet been reported. In this paper, we analyse the center fed patch antenna which has two post pins by using the FDTD method. To improve the computation efficiency, the FDTD analysis by using a non-uniform mesh is used during the simulation. By changing the structure of matching element, an examination of the matching technique of a low profile antenna is carried out.