Multi-band antenna design using multi-objective evolutionary algorithm

As wireless communication has achieved rapid development recently, the demand for a compact antenna capable of achieving multi-service performance is also increasing. Clearly, it is desirable to design the smallest antenna possible able to access simultaneously all available services, such as GSM, personal communication system (PCS), digital communication system (DCS), 3G services, access to WLAN, plus the newly emerging ultra wideband (UWB) radio communication system. The operating bands for these services are mainly focused on 0.8-1.0 GHz (GSM), 1.7-2.4 GHz (DCS, PCS, 3G services and WLAN) and 3.1-10.6 GHz (UWB). It is critical for the antenna to achieve good impedance matching and high radiation efficiency over all these frequencies. To achieve this, the triangular meander line structure is chosen for initial study, and the effective multi-objective algorithm, strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA) (Zitzler, E and Thiele, L, 1999), is applied to optimize the antenna design. Details of the proposed triangular meander line antenna design are described, and simulation and experimental results of the proposed antenna are presented and discussed.