Realization of Basic Gates Using Universal Logic Blocks in Quantum Dot Cellular Automata

CMOS based technologies fail to satisfy the Moore´s law beyond Nano scale, leading to intensive research in identifying an alternative technology that can take over CMOS in the near future. Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is one among the various technologies proposed by the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) as a viable alternative to CMOS. QCA offers the highest device density of 10¹⁴ devices/cm² and operates at a maximum speed of T Hz. In this paper we have realized all the basic gates using multiplexers as the key element in QCA technology. Compact libraries can be designed by realizing all the basic gates using just a multiplexer.