Three-phase harmonic state estimation using SVD for partially observable systems

This paper looks at a three-phase harmonic state estimation algorithm that utilizes singular value decomposition (SVD) to increase solvability for partially observable systems and eliminate the need of observability analysis prior to state estimation. For comparison, a non-least squares solution i.e. an arbitrary solution is also supplied to the algorithm and the results are compared with the SVD approach. The comparison shows a noticeable improvement with the use of SVD and pseudo-inverse, however its computation is much more complex than estimation using normal equation.