Stackable octahedron-based photoresist scaffold by direct laser writing for controlled three-dimensional cell networks

This paper reports a new technique for creating controlled, three-dimensional (3D) cellular networks. The method is based on stackable photoresist structural layers realized by direct laser writing. Cells can be positioned and cultured on the layers, which are then stacked, forming 30-μm-wide cages containing the cultured cells. Cells are able to communicate from cage to cage through openings, e.g., by developing neurites in networks of neuron-like cell. We demonstrate the successful stacking of three layers and the positioning and interconnection of neuron-like PC-12 cells in the intended locations.