Outsourcing of R&D by Transnational Corporations: Evolution, Driving Factors and Effect Analysis

The R&D activities of transnational corporations decentralizaed to R & D outsourcing, which can be risk-sharing and cost savings, it can reduce the complexity of the R&D activities and shorten the R&D cycle, besides, the host country can raise the market conversion rate of technological achievements, expand the "learning by doing" effect, reduce overseas transnational corporations\´ "technology lock", and make up for the insufficient input of host country\´ R&D funding. Therefore, R&D outsourcing is of great significance to host country\´s technological progress.