Spatial self-synchronizing video watermarking technique

There are various traditional video watermarking schemes robust to geometrical transformations. Most of them use synchronizing techniques or invariant transforms to resist geometric distortions. However, these algorithms are time-consuming or not resilient to mixed geometrical distortions. In this paper, we propose a video watermarking method that is robust to compound geometrical attacks and has low complexity. The proposed method embeds a reference pattern and a watermark pattern into the temporal axis of a video during each pre-defined frame interval. Even if the marked video is geometrically distorted, both the reference pattern and watermark one are always in sync. Thus, we can simply detect the watermark without additional synchronization step.