An assessment of PHEV energy management strategies using driving range data collected in Beijing

This paper assesses three typical plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) energy management strategies by comparing the average fuel consumptions (AFC) based on the daily driving range data of Beijing. The three different strategies are developed first: with the all-electric charge-sustaining (AECS) strategy, the vehicle is propelled only by the motor until the SOC is depleted; with the fixed blended strategy, the vehicle utilizes both motor and engine according to some fixed ratio in the charge depleting stage; and with the adaptive blended strategy, the vehicle utilizes both motor and engine at an variable ratio adapted to the driving range. Then, the AFC assessment methods for the corresponding strategies are illustrated. For the strategies with the fixed charge depleting range, the utility factor method prescribed by SAE is available; for the strategy with the variable charge depleting range, a mathematic expectation method is proposed. The conclusion comes at last: with the same components, the lowest AFC is 1.2542 L/100km, with the adaptive blended strategy; and the highest AFC is 2.4130 L/100km, with one of the fixed blended strategy; for the vehicle used in the study, the AECS is the best strategy unless the blended strategy is adapted to the driving range; and it is suggested the AFC be considered instead of the specific trip fuel consumption in the strategy optimization.