Automatic processing of Arabic text

Automatic recognition of printed and handwritten documents remains an active area of research. Arabic is one of the languages that present special problems. Arabic is cursive and therefore necessitates a segmentation process to determine the boundaries of a character. Arabic characters consist of multiple disconnected parts. Dots and Diacritics are used in many Arabic characters and can appear above or below the main body of the character. In Arabic, the same letter has up to four different forms depending on where it appears in the word and depending on the letters that are adjacent to it. In this paper, a novel approach is described that recognizes Arabic script documents. The method starts by preprocessing which involves binarization, noise reduction, and thinning. The text is then segmented into separate lines. Characters are then segmented by determining bifurcation points that are near the baseline. Segmented characters are then compared to prestored templates to identify the best match. The template comparisons are based on central moments, Hu moments, and Invariant moments. The method is proven to work satisfactorily for scanned printed Arabic text. The paper concludes with a discussion of the drawbacks of the method, and a description of possible solutions.