Particle swarm optimization of wideband patch antennas

This paper presents a single-objective particle swarm optimization (PSO) for wideband patch antennas design. The PSO optimizer is built on a combination of MATLAB and FEKO. By using this PSO method, the results shown that both the L-probe fed U-slot patch and E-shaped patch antennas can attain a 10-dB return-loss bandwidth of great than 40%. This work also forms the basis for future research in multiobjective particle swarm optimizations (MOPSO) to be applied in microwave components and antennas design.