Introduction

This set of papers represents the second with the newer title of Computing in Cardiology but with the same format as in previous years. It also represents the 38th annual Proceedings of the organization. This year, for the first time, Computing in Cardiology was held in the Far East in Hangzhou, relatively close to Shanghai in China. This marked a very significant departure from the pattern of meetings held in Europe and in North America. While there were slightly fewer individuals from Europe and North America attending than usual, this was compensated for by the participation of many individuals from China and elsewhere. The total number of participants was therefore on a par with many of the meetings previously held.