Controlled power/ground noise on multi-layer digital printed circuit board using adaptive CMOS output driving scheme

Even though the CMOS output drivers are the major source of the simultaneous switching noise in the highspeed digital printed circuit board, the output driving current could not be controlled by the printed circuit board designer. Hence, we introduce a new CMOS adaptive output-driving scheme, providing the customized controllability of the power/ground noise and the signal rise time to the printed circuit design. The proposed output-driving scheme has successfully demonstrated the adaptive operations with wide loading conditions from 6 pF to 22 pF. Also the driver has exhibited the controllability of the power voltage noise from 102.7 mV to 234.7 mV and ground voltage noise from 45.7 mV to 96.3 mV, as well as the signal rise time from 4.2 ns to 2.1 ns