On-line diagnosis of problems in drip infusion system by impedance and flow measurement

During intravenous infusion, even though the limb is immobilized the needle often punctures the vein and fluid accumulates subcutaneously. The infusion rate is also affected by total or partial blockage of the needle. None of the existing systems give early warning to the attendant so that timely corrective measures can be taken. A technique based on electrical impedance and flow measurement is suggested to solve the problem. It utilizes online data on changes in the limb impedance and the rate of infusion. An algorithm has been developed and implemented on a microprocessor that uses the data to detect trouble in the system and trigger an alarm that stops infusion.<>