Effects of various uncertainty sources on automatic generation control systems

In power systems, the automatic generation control (AGC) system is responsible for maintaining the nominal system frequency and the scheduled real power interchange between balancing areas. This paper proposes a framework to evaluate the effects of uncertainty arising from renewable-based electricity generation and noise in communication channels on the AGC system performance. To this end, we introduce a unified stochastic differential equation (SDE) model that includes power system dynamics and the AGC system (including the communication network on which its operation relies). We propagate the uncertainty from renewable-based resources and communication channel noise through the SDE model and investigate the resulting effect on AGC system performance. The proposed ideas are illustrated through a 4-bus test system.