A new development of the garbage can model for exploring modern business organizations

This paper proposes a new behavioral model of organizations based on garbage can model proposed by Cohen, March and Olsen (CMO) in 1972. It explains the choice processes of modern business organizations. From the analysis, the following results are obtained: 1) though CMO noted tight organizations like a bureaucrat is always competent in problem solving, there are some cases in which loose organizations are more competent; and 2) though CMO noted when there are many difficult problems the organizational choice processes do not function well, there are some cases in which difficult problems motivate the members to produce useful knowledge