Title :
Systematic observations of 150 W metal-halide arc lamps containing a progression of additive chemistries
Author :
Curry, J.J. ; Sansonetti, C.J.
Author_Institution :
Nat. Inst. of Stand. & Technol., Gaithersburg, MD, USA
Abstract :
Summary form only given. We examined a series of 150 W metal-halide arc lamps containing a progression of additive chemistries: 1) pure Hg, 2) Hg+HgI/sub 2/, 3) Hg+Nal, and 4) Hg+Nal+DyI/sub 3/. To minimize time-dependent effects, the lamps were driven by an electronic ballast. Comprehensive distributions of Hg densities were obtained by X-ray absorption imaging at the Advanced Photon Source/sup 2/, Argonne National Laboratory. Spatially-resolved elemental densities of Dy and I were obtained using X-ray induced fluorescence, also at the Advanced Photon Source. Spatially-resolved optical spectra over the range 3000 /spl Aring/ to 10,000 /spl Aring/ were obtained by Fourier transform spectroscopy. Self-reversed Hg emission lines were analyzed to determine core temperatures. The combination of temperature and Hg density yielded the lamp pressure according to the Ideal Gas Law. The spatially-resolved temperature in the remainder of each arc lamp were then found using the pressure and Hg density distribution obtained by X-ray absorption imaging. Molecular and atomic species densities have been calculated from thermo-chemical constants given the measured temperatures and elemental densities.
Keywords :
Fourier transform spectra; X-ray absorption spectra; X-ray fluorescence analysis; arc lamps; dysprosium compounds; halides; mercury (metal); mercury compounds; sodium compounds; 150 W; 3000 to 10000 /spl Aring/; Fourier transform spectroscopy; Hg density distribution; Hg-HgI/sub 2/-NaI-DyI/sub 3/; X-ray absorption imaging; X-ray induced fluorescence; additive chemistries; advanced photon source; ideal gas law; metal-halide arc lamps; self-reversed Hg emission lines; spatially-resolved optical spectra; thermochemical constants; Additives; Atomic measurements; Chemistry; Electromagnetic wave absorption; Electronic ballasts; Laboratories; Mercury (metals); Optical imaging; Temperature measurement; X-ray imaging;
Conference_Titel :
Plasma Science, 2004. ICOPS 2004. IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. The 31st IEEE International Conference on
Conference_Location :
Baltimore, MD, USA
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-8334-6
DOI :
10.1109/PLASMA.2004.1339878