A long term aerosol measurement using lidar system in Jakarta, Indonesia

The growth of urban population, increasing number of cars and traffic congestion, and industrial activities have worsened the air pollution in Jakarta. Since Jakarta is in the tropical area, faces the Java Sea in the north and with highland in southern, the wind system in Jakarta is a combination of seasonal wind and sea/land breeze. The seasonal wind is westerly in the wet season and easterly in the dry season. During the transition period, the seasonal wind is weak. The characteristics of clouds reducing solar radiation which related to a photochemical reaction are believed give their effects into the air pollution. It is considered that a typical air pollution phenomenon generated by photochemical reactions and transportation of pollutants by sea and land breeze is occurring in Jakarta. In order to study the air pollution and transportation of pollutants, a lidar network system consisting of two Mie scattering lidars and one differential absorption lidar (DIAL) was constructed in a cooperative Project of the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) of Japan and the Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI). This lidar network system had been installed in Jakarta and used for observation of atmospheric environment. In this paper, the authors report on the long term measurement of aerosol vertical profile over Jakarta using the lidar network system.