Title :
Calibration and rating of photovoltaics
Author_Institution :
NREL, Golden, CO, USA
Abstract :
Rating the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules is critical to determining the cost per watt, and efficiency is useful to assess the relative progress among PV concepts. Procedures for determining the efficiency for PV technologies from 1-sun to low concentration to high concentration are discussed. We also discuss the state of the art in primary and secondary calibration of PV reference cells used by calibration laboratories around the world. Finally, we consider challenges to rating PV technologies and areas for improvement.
Keywords :
calibration; solar cells; PV modules; PV reference cells; calibration laboratories; photovoltaic modules; primary calibration; secondary calibration; Calibration; IEC standards; Laboratories; Photovoltaic systems; Silicon; Si wafer; calibration; peak watt; rating; reference cell;
Conference_Titel :
Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), 2012 38th IEEE
Conference_Location :
Austin, TX
Print_ISBN :
978-1-4673-0064-3
DOI :
10.1109/PVSC.2012.6317717
