A novel cost-effective architecture and deployment strategy for integrated RFID and WSN systems

In this paper, we propose a novel architecture for integrated Radio Frequency IDentifiers (RFIDs) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) to accommodate an array of applications in a cost-effective manner. Integration combines the traceability and sensing capabilities of the two technologies to maximize the effectiveness of the resulting systems. RFID technology extends the ability of WSNs by tracking otherwise un-sensible objects. WSNs, on the other hand, provide information on the environment surrounding the node and the ability to transmit in multi-hops to wider areas. We propose a novel architecture to integrate these technologies via super nodes that serve as both RFID readers and relay hubs. The count of the super nodes dominates the cost of these integrated networks. Thus, it is crucial to distribute these nodes over the layout in a way that minimizes their count while ensuring coverage. We employ Integer Linear Programming (ILP) to achieve a deployment scheme that addresses such constraints. Our approach generated outstanding results in terms of cost-efficiency when compared to other WSN/RFID integrated architectures.