Line protection: Redundancy, reliability, and affordability

Author

Schweitzer, E.O. ; Whitehead, D. ; Ferrer, H.J.A. ; Tziouvaras, D.A. ; Costello, D.A. ; Escobedo, D.S.

fYear

2011

fDate

11-14 April 2011

Firstpage

1

Lastpage

24

Abstract

In this paper, we apply fault tree analysis to compare the dependability and security of line protection schemes with different degrees of redundancy. We also compare the scheme costs. For each scheme, we use a basic protection scheme as the reference. We then evaluate schemes with double redundancy and two-out-of-three voting schemes. We also evaluate the effect of comprehensive commissioning testing, hidden failures, and common-mode failures, as well as using relays from the same or different manufacturers in redundant schemes.

Keywords

failure analysis; power system security; power transmission economics; power transmission faults; power transmission lines; power transmission protection; power transmission reliability; relays; common-mode failure; comprehensive commissioning testing; double redundancy; fault tree analysis; line protection security; relay; transmission line protection security scheme; two-out-of-three voting scheme; Maintenance engineering; Power system reliability; Redundancy; Relays; Testing;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Protective Relay Engineers, 2011 64th Annual Conference for

Conference_Location

College Station, TX

Print_ISBN

978-1-4577-0494-9

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/CPRE.2011.6035495

Filename

6035495