Investigation on 4S ceramic heater surface ignition C.I. engine using ethanol- diesel blends with amyl nitrate additive

An experimental investigation on the performance of surface ignition 4S (four stroke) C.I (Compression Ignition) engine fueled with pure diesel (0/100) and ethanol-diesel blends ratio of 15/85, 25/75, 30/70 and 35/65 by volume of ethanol are evaluated. Amyl nitrate (B) additive is used to satisfy mixture homogeneity and prevent phase separation. The mixing protocol considered of first blending the emulsifier into the ethanol and then blending this mixture into the diesel fuel. The tests are carried out on a ceramic heater surface ignition single cylinder aluminium oxide coating on piston head diesel engine under steady state operating conditions on two specified speeds of 1250rpm and 1500rpm. The stabilized zirconia ceramic heater is used to reduce the emissions from the engine and improve engine output behavior. The relevant parameters such as brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and emissions are calculated for ethanol-diesel blends with 5% of additive 15/85, 25/75, 30/70 and 35/65 by volume. The emulsifier replaced a corresponding part of the diesel. Thus, the 15/85 blend ratio corresponds to 85% diesel fuel, 5% additive and 10% ethanol, and similarly for the other blends. The stabilized zirconia ceramic heater is used to reduce the emissions by 38% of NOx, under half load conditions for the blends of B5D85E10 (15/85) (5% additive 85% diesel, 10% ethanol) gives minimum CO emissions, unburned HC emissions by 7.5 ppm for B0D100E0 (0/100) (pure diesel) and improve engine output behavior to 1.8%.