Procedure for the technical measurement of harmonic, flicker and unbalance emission limits for photovoltaic-distributed generation

Currently, the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) poses the following challenges for photovoltaic-distributed generation (PV-DG) units connected to the distribution network: a) PV-DG equipment should manage emissions as a ´product´ with specific tests under a given set of conditions; b) PV-DG units should be incorporated as a ´user´, and its emissions managed according to existing allocation practices. This paper gives an overview of the current state of knowledge within the context of IEC regulations, particularly in regards to harmonics, flicker, and voltage unbalance.