Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Extensive usage of wireless sensor network (WSN) is the reason of development of many routing protocols. Recent advances in WSN now witness the increased interest in the potential use in applications like Military, Environmental, Health (Scanning), Space Exploration, Vehicular Movement, Mechanical stress levels on attached objects, disaster management, combat field reconnaissance etc. Sensors are expected to be remotely deployed in unattended environments. Routing as one key technologies of wireless sensor network has now become a hot research because the applications of WSN is everywhere, it is impossible that there is a routing protocol suitable for all applications. In this paper, the various routing protocol are classified and described. The growing interest in WSN and the continual emergence of new architectural techniques inspired surveying the characteristics, applications and communication protocols for such a technical area.