Charge equalization for series connected lithium-ion batteries

A dynamic charge equalization scheme of series battery packs using multiple-winding transformer is presented in this paper. The proposed cell to cell type balancing control scheme is designed to be many bidirectional forward converter operated at discontinuous inductor current model for reducing the switching loss. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed battery equalization scheme can efficiently remove energy from a stronger cell and transfer that energy into a weaker one. An evaluation of the proposed scheme was developed and tested in the laboratory and experiment results verify the theoretical expectation.