What security for electronic exams?

Electronic exam systems are pieces of software employed in online educations to assess performances of students. However, both the security of the protocols they reply upon and a general understanding of the possible threats is still to be met. This manuscript outlines a Ph.D. research work wherein we attempt to shed some light in the area. We identify the phases composing a typical exam system, we comments on relevant security properties that should be preserved in the various phases, and we advances an informal though structured definitions of them.