Peniotron oscillator operating performance

Performance results are presented for two 8 GHz peniotron oscillators operating in the funda mental rotational mode. To form the rotating hollow beam, a non-rotating hollow beam is generated by an immersed Pierce-type gun, and the beam is caused to rotate at cyclotron frequency by a field reversal. The resonant cavity consists of a section of waveguide with a double pair of ridges, short-circuited at each end. The first device tested was loosely coupled to the external load, and the second was much more tightly coupled to increase circuit efficiency. Observed performance is in quite good agreement with calculated performance. Extension of the peniotron to higher frequencies and to amplifier operation is discussed.