A Review of the Latest Voltage and Frequency Ride-Through Requirements in Canadian Jurisdictions

With the increasing penetration of transmission- and distributed-connected energy resources, grid codes have been developed and under frequent revision during recent years. In particular, proliferation of large-scale wind-power plants has served as a vehicle to harmonize operation and interconnection requirements within different jurisdictions. The objective of grid codes and regulations is to define the rights and responsibilities of generating units connected to the electric network, they incorporate several years of operational experience in power systems with significant penetration of new energy resources. This paper provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the latest fault ride-through requirements for generating units/facilities in Canadian jurisdictions. The study primarily focuses on two main requirements associated with the fault ride-through capability, that is, i) voltage ride-through requirements and ii) frequency ride-through requirements. Recent voltage and frequency operating limits in Canadian transmission and distribution systems are reviewed and compared, future trends are also outlined.