Performance of ultra-wideband antenna in different mediums: Free space vs. water

Throughout this paper, a newly ultrawideband antenna (UWB) is designed to observe its performance in different medium. The medium used in this study are water and free-space. In free-space a comparison will be done on antenna without casing and with casing. The casing is made of polyamide. A comparison also will be made with antenna with casing in water. UWB antenna is well known as the antenna that offers excellent performance with lower-band frequency. USB antenna cover an extremely wideband frequency which ranges from 3.2–10.6 GHz with lower band from 3.2–5.1 GHz and upper band from 5.85–10.6 GHz. UWB antenna has wide range of applications which includes position and detection, imaging and sensing, radar, and wireless communication system. UWB antenna has advantage that it has no carrier frequency. UWB also make a very simple transmitter and receiver hardware which is necessary for portable devices. For this research study, a slotted elliptical ultra-wideband antenna with parasitic elements is designed and produced frequency range from 3.2 GHz at −1.787 dB up to 10.6 GHz at −27.118 dB. The antenna is designed on FR4 substrate and fed with 50 ohms. Partial rectangular ground is used for the design to produce wider bandwidth and increase gain of the antenna. With a simple geometry, the results are satisfactory and follow the requirement.