EMBHMAC: An efficient multihop broadcast based hybrid MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks

The objective of EMBHMAC is to reduce the energy consumption and delay in wireless sensor networks. The working of proposed protocol is based on sender´s guidance, overhearing, hybrid TDMA/FDMA concept and controlled power mechanism. The sender´s guidance reduces the redundant transmission and collision by giving guidance of how to forward the packets. Overhearing reduces the active time of nodes. Asynchronous duty-cycling can reduce the energy consumption by carrying out alternation between sleep mode and active mode. Delay in MAC layer is increased as a result of this. The proposed protocol can overcome this problem by using the hybrid TDMA/FDMA concept where within the same network we can use différent frequencies and multiple transmissions can be carried out at same time slot and hence reduces delay. Controlled power mechanism controls the power desired for transmission of data by varying the transmission power and this increases energy efficiency. The proposed protocol is compared with ADB and EMBA. The performance of proposed protocol is carried out in the absence and presence of an obstacle also.