An optimized routing method for data gathering in wireless sensor networks

Wireless Sensor Network constitutes sensor nodes that cooperatively monitor different parameters such as humidity, noise levels, vibration, temperature, motion etc, at different locations. Energy constraint is a fundamental limitation in the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network. Here, we propose three routing approaches for data packets transmission. The data packets are routed either through the established route done with the help of relay nodes which act as an intermediate nodes or data packets routed through high energy based clusters irrespective of its distance and it also finds another way, such that the data packets routed through clusters based on localization so that it selects shortest path to reach the destination with minimal energy consumption. Our work involves fault node recovery mechanisms under all three different scenarios. The results obtained with the help of NS-2 simulation software concludes that Localization based routing approach outperforms High energy clusters based and Relay nodes based routing with best aggregation quality by taking delivery rate, overhead, delay and energy as parameter metrics into consideration.