An efficient carburetor design using electronic fuel injection for small vehicles based on 110 cc self start 4 stroke engine

The design of an engine carburetor is traditionally based on a mechanical device that uses a shutter to control the amount of fuel intake. The fuel is mixed with air to form fuel mixture that is burnt in engine cylinders. This approach has several inherent issues. First, the shutter opening is controlled by creating a vacuum that results in required amount of fuel injected into carburetor chamber. As the speed of a vehicle increases by pressing accelerator, more fuel is required in the carburetor chamber. The rate of increase in fuel cannot be accurately calculated by a mechanical device. Second, the amount of air intake results in an imbalance in fuel mixture ratio. Third, the carburetor´s efficiency degrades with age, resulting poor fuel efficiency. This paper proposes EFI for small vehicles. A test case was developed for a two-wheel motor-bike by using an ARDUINO board. The proposed solution was implemented in the engine of motor-bike with minor changes in the carburetor. The cost was quite comparable with mechanical carburetor, and the results were quite promising.