Consequences of dust on solar photovoltaic module and its generation

Dust on photovoltaic modules reduces its efficiency by decreasing its transmittance hence the effective solar insolation reaching it is reduced. Studies have shown dust or minute particle is affected by tilt angle of solar collector, exposure period, site climate conditions, wind movement and dust properties. Previous authors have calculated loss in terms of optical loss that is reduction in transmittance but paper calculates the loss in terms of kWh which was not done till now.