A novel iterative control variates algorithm for efficient simulation in multipath fast-fading channels

In this paper, an iterative control variates simulation algorithm (ICVA) for multipath fast-fading channels is proposed, in the situation of unknown amplitude of the transmitted signal (TSA). This algorithm utilizes a certain cumulative distribution function as the control variates, and can obtain an unbiased and variance-reduction estimator of bit error rate (BER) and TSA. Compared with Monte-Carlo (MC) methods, ICVA´s estimator has lower variance. The simulation results indicate that ICVA is fast convergent, and both the variance of BER´s estimator and that of TSA´s estimator are inversely proportional to square of simulation data number, which demonstrates this algorithm is effective than MC.