Placement of PMUs in HVDC connected networks considering voltage stability requirements

Optimal PMU placement (OPP) is often done for full observability of network with minimum number of PMUs and maximum redundancy. On the other hand, placement of PMUs at HVDC connected buses is necessary for estimation of voltage stability margin. In this paper, OPP is done to achieve all of above goals. Binary integer linear programming (BILP) is used as solver algorithm, due to linear and binary characteristics of problem. OPP is tested on IEEE 14-bus test system and impact of HVDC location is studied on the number of required PMUs. Finally, different contingencies consist of single PMU failure, single line outage and occurrence of simultaneous events are presented in the paper.