Vertical Ground-Based Antenna with Reinforced Concrete Foundation as Counterpoise

Unknown current distribution (UCD), antenna input admittance/impedance and grounding impedance of the vertical monopole antenna (VMA), fed by an ideal voltage generator, are determined in this paper. A model of a small semi-spherical ground electrode is adopted as an antenna counterpoise, while surrounding soil is treated as a linear, isotropic and homogeneous lossy half-space (LHS). The UCD is determined numerically solving the system of integral equations of Hallen´s type (SIE-H) using the point-matching method (PMM) and applying an entire domain polynomial current approximation. Special attention was paid to accurate modelling of LHS influence, which is expressed by the Sommerfeld´s integral kernel (SIK).