DocumentCode :
3601631
Title :
Ancillary Service to the Grid Using Intelligent Deferrable Loads
Author :
Meyn, Sean P. ; Barooah, Prabir ; Busic, Ana ; Yue Chen ; Ehren, Jordan
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Volume :
60
Issue :
11
fYear :
2015
Firstpage :
2847
Lastpage :
2862
Abstract :
Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power have a high degree of unpredictability and time-variation, which makes balancing demand and supply challenging. One possible way to address this challenge is to harness the inherent flexibility in demand of many types of loads. Introduced in this paper is a technique for decentralized control for automated demand response that can be used by grid operators as ancillary service for maintaining demand-supply balance. A randomized control architecture is proposed, motivated by the need for decentralized decision making, and the need to avoid synchronization that can lead to large and detrimental spikes in demand. An aggregate model for a large number of loads is then developed by examining the mean field limit. A key innovation is a linear time-invariant (LTI) system approximation of the aggregate nonlinear model, with a scalar signal as the input and a measure of the aggregate demand as the output. This makes the approximation particularly convenient for control design at the grid level.
Keywords :
approximation theory; decentralised control; demand side management; nonlinear control systems; power grids; supply and demand; LTI system approximation; aggregate nonlinear model; automated demand response; decentralized control; decentralized decision making; demand-supply balance; grid ancillary service; intelligent deferrable loads; linear time-invariant system; mean field limit; randomized control architecture; Aggregates; Approximation methods; Computer architecture; Load modeling; Markov processes; Mathematical model; Power demand; Ancillary service; demand response; distributed control; renewable integration; stochastic control;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Automatic Control, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0018-9286
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TAC.2015.2414772
Filename :
7063922
Link To Document :
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