Three-Dimensional Compressed Sensing-Based Millimeter-Wave Imaging

An extension of compressed sensing (CS)-based millimeter-wave imaging techniques from two- to three-dimensional (2-D to 3-D) is presented. The idea is to study the reduction in the minimum number of receivers with respect to standard synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging to accurately recover the geometry of the object-under-test. 3-D CS main drawback is the increased calculation time with respect to standard SAR algorithms. To overcome this limitation, a novel technique consisting in splitting a large problem as a combination of small ones is proposed. These small problems can be solved via parallelized 3-D CS, resulting in calculation time savings. Moreover, practical implementation of a 3-D CS-based millimeter-wave imaging system is discussed. Validation with simulations and measurements is presented.