Energy-Efficient Distributed Power Allocation With Multiple Relays and Antenna Selection

This paper proposes an iterative power allocation algorithm that maximizes the energy efficiency of a multiple-relay cooperative multiple antenna (MIMO) network. Energy efficiency is defined as the achievable spectral efficiency normalized by the total power consumption, which also accounts for the RF circuitry consumption, modeled in a wireless sensor network. Moreover, relay selection is performed using the distributed opportunistic selection protocol, while we derive closed-form expressions for outage probability and energy efficiency for a single antenna (SISO) and two MIMO scenarios: 1) based on antenna selection (AS) and 2) based on single value decomposition (SVD) beamforming. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we compare it to an exhaustive search optimal power allocation method. Results show that the proposed algorithm performs very close to an exhaustive search approach and that, although MIMO SVD has the best outage performance, AS has the best energy efficiency for low and moderate source-destination distances and spectral efficiencies.