A Data-Centric Framework for Cyber-Physical-Social Systems

Cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS) that integrate and derive information from cyberspace, physical space, and social space are data-driven, but have yet to be fully investigated. In this article, the authors study CPSS from a data-centric perspective, characterize its core features, and present a layered framework (architecture), focusing on multispace collaborative sensing and cross-space data fusion.