Wave propagation over a forest edge - parabolic equation modelling vs. measurements

This paper presents a propagation model, based on the parabolic wave equation technique (PE), for calculating the attenuation of propagation in a forest environment. A finite difference scheme is chosen to simplify implementation of boundary conditions. The standard parabolic equation is also modified into the so-called Claerbout equation to accept angles up to 45/spl deg/ from the paraxial direction. Furthermore, the implementation of the phase shift map solution for piecewise linear terrain would perform well for terrain slopes up to 10-15/spl deg/. The model has been tested against measurements in a fir forest environment.