Simulated body-surface potential maps for paced activation sequences in human ventricles

The objective of this study was to explore the capabilities of a computer model of human ventricular myocardium with realistic geometry and intramural anisotropic structure to simulate the ectopic activation in the actual human heart. Activation sequences were initiated at 45 left-ventricular and 20 right-ventricular endocardial sites, and were displayed as activation isochrones and body-surface potential maps (BSPMs). The results of the simulations indicated that the BSPM patterns generated by developed wavefronts were distinctly determined by the initial sites of activation and closely resembled BSPMs recorded during endocardial pacing in patients with ventricular tachycardia. Therefore, our ventricular model can serve as a useful tool in producing a set of template BSPMs for catheter pace mapping.