A new multipath channel parameter estimation technique using swarm intelligence

In this paper, a new array signal processing technique, which make use of the particle swarm optimization (PSO), is proposed. Using cross ambiguity function (CAF) calculation an optimization criteria is defined and PSO is used to find the global minimum point of the obtained cost function. Developed particle swarm optimization - direction finding technique (PSO-DF) estimates time delay, Doppler shift, direction of arrival (DOA) and amplitude of each impinging signal onto an antenna array in a multipath environment. Performance of the PSO-DF algorithm is compared with the cross ambiguity function - direction finding (CAF-DF) and space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithms in terms of root mean squared error (rMSE) for various signal to noise ratio (SNR) values based on Monte Carlo simulations. For statistical comparison, Cramer-Rao lower bound is included.