Instantaneous power quantities in polyphase systems — a geometric algebra approach

The paper proposes a new framework for characterizing instantaneous non-active (reactive) power in general polyphase systems. The framework is based on the concept of multivectors, which are a higher-order generalization of vectors, and on the idea of the geometric product, which blends the inner (scalar) and the outer (wedge) products. This framework is representation-free, and thus extends readily to any polyphase system and any choice of coordinates, such as symmetric sequence components. The new framework sheds a new light on the well known 3-phase quantities, and provides a deeper understanding of connections with average (phasor-based) non-active power quantities.