A module-based approach to integrating wind power for guaranteed power system stability

In this paper we present a module-based modeling of electricity infrastructure with special emphasis on the wind energy integration. Each (group of) wind generator(s) is defined as a module and is represented in terms of its local variables and the interconnection variables between the module and the system network. Therefore, it is possible to specify the performance sub-objectives of each module for a given range of variations in interaction variables and to ensure that the local sub-objectives are met through local sensing and actuation. This approach, compared with the present off-line worst-case specification for wind farm integration, provides a systematic means of analyzing the infrastructure dynamics with increasing penetration of wind energy. An interactive cyber-based protocol between the wind farm and the grid could be implemented for operating the system with pre-specified performance. Sufficient conditions on network properties are derived under which this interactive protocol between the transmission networks and the modules converges to a system-wide stable operation. An example is shown to demonstrate the integration of wind farm into the existing system with pre-specified stability performance.